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Top 10 Favorite Materials
1. Material: Graphite
Processing: Forging
Properties: strength increases with temperatures in excess of 2200 °C
Applications: metallurgical, aluminum, and steel production, single crystal silicon production, and metal casting; electric motor brushes and commutators; mechanical seals, bearings, and bushings; and nuclear applications
Ref: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080560335000203
2. Material: Gold
Processing: Forging
Properties: yellow color, the most malleable and ductile metal, melting point 1062 °C, boiling point 2000 °C
Applications: used as bullion and in jewellery, glass and electronics
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/au.htm
3. Material: Diamond
Processing: Extracting and refining
Properties: hardest material, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, biologically compatible, react with strong carbide forming metals, rare and expensive
Applications: cutting tools, jewelry, coating, semiconductor, optical components
Ref: http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=262
4. Material: Glass (Borosillicate)
Processing: Heating
Properties: durable, low coefficient of thermal expansion, fewer internal stresses, resist moist and chemical corrosion
Applications: cooking material in oven, laboratory glassware, sight glass with industrial equipment, transformer bushings, explosion-proof lighting, and exterior aircraft lenses
Ref: http://www.koppglass.com/blog/3-common-glass-types-properties-applications/
5. Material: Sapphire glass
Processing: Heating
Properties: synthetic sapphire, compressive strength of 2000 Mega Pascals, ten times stronger than stainless steel, nearly as hard as diamond, optical transparent, scratch resistant, expensive
Applications: used in camera phone, optical window in science experiments,visors in military armor suits, barcode readers.
Ref: http://gizmodo.com/whats-sapphire-glass-and-why-would-apple-want-it-in-yo-1603457905
6. Material: Silver
Processing: Forging
Properties: nearly white, lustrous, soft, very ductile, malleable, excellent conductor of heat and electricity, melting point 962 °C, boiling point 2212 °C,does not oxidize in air but reacts with the hydrogen sulfide present in the air, forming silver sulfide, stable in water
Applications: used in photography as a halide salt, cutlery, jewellery and mirrors, used in electrical and electronic industries as printed circuits are made using silver paints, and computer keyboards use silver electrical contacts.
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/ag.htm
7. Material: Cotton
Processing: Ginning, spinning and weaving
Properties: soft, good absorbancy, color retention, machine washable, good strength
Applications: clothing, rugs, mattresses, blankets
Ref: http://www.swicofil.com/products/001cotton.html
8. Material: Wood
Processing: Cutting
Properties: from tree, strong and stiff but also light and flexible, wood is an-isotropic, inner structure consists of different properties in different directions, high compressible strength and low tensile strength
Applications: building houses, furniture, other utilities
Ref: http://www.explainthatstuff.com/wood.html
9. Material: Nickel
Processing: Forging
Properties: silver color, metallic, melting point 1453 °C and boiling point 2913 °C, resist corrosion even at high temperatures, can resist corrosion by sea water
Applications: preparation of alloys, used to make stainless steel, alloy steels, rechargeable batteries, catalysts and other chemicals, coinage, foundry products, and plating, used in gas turbines and rocket engines, propeller shaft in boats and desalination plants
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/ni.htm
10. Material: Activated Carbon
Processing: Adsorption
Properties: carbonaceous source materials, such as coconuts, nutshells, coal, peat and wood. The primary raw material used for activated carbon is any organic material with a high carbon content.
Applications: removing a soluble substance from the water, water treatment
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/products/activated-carbon.htm
Information retrieved from http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2047
3. Cotton comes from the cotton plant. It is used for yarns, fabric, clothing, blanket, napkins, cosmetic application, and etc. Its properties are comfortably soft, good absorbency, color retention, machine washable, good strength, drapes well, easy to sew together. Cotton decomposes at temperature about 300 Fahrenheit. Cotton is harvested by machine and gets filtered by the cotton gin.
Information retrieved from http://www.swicofil.com/products/001cotton.html
1. Material: Graphite
Processing: Forging
Properties: strength increases with temperatures in excess of 2200 °C
Applications: metallurgical, aluminum, and steel production, single crystal silicon production, and metal casting; electric motor brushes and commutators; mechanical seals, bearings, and bushings; and nuclear applications
Ref: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080560335000203
2. Material: Gold
Processing: Forging
Properties: yellow color, the most malleable and ductile metal, melting point 1062 °C, boiling point 2000 °C
Applications: used as bullion and in jewellery, glass and electronics
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/au.htm
3. Material: Diamond
Processing: Extracting and refining
Properties: hardest material, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, biologically compatible, react with strong carbide forming metals, rare and expensive
Applications: cutting tools, jewelry, coating, semiconductor, optical components
Ref: http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=262
4. Material: Glass (Borosillicate)
Processing: Heating
Properties: durable, low coefficient of thermal expansion, fewer internal stresses, resist moist and chemical corrosion
Applications: cooking material in oven, laboratory glassware, sight glass with industrial equipment, transformer bushings, explosion-proof lighting, and exterior aircraft lenses
Ref: http://www.koppglass.com/blog/3-common-glass-types-properties-applications/
5. Material: Sapphire glass
Processing: Heating
Properties: synthetic sapphire, compressive strength of 2000 Mega Pascals, ten times stronger than stainless steel, nearly as hard as diamond, optical transparent, scratch resistant, expensive
Applications: used in camera phone, optical window in science experiments,visors in military armor suits, barcode readers.
Ref: http://gizmodo.com/whats-sapphire-glass-and-why-would-apple-want-it-in-yo-1603457905
6. Material: Silver
Processing: Forging
Properties: nearly white, lustrous, soft, very ductile, malleable, excellent conductor of heat and electricity, melting point 962 °C, boiling point 2212 °C,does not oxidize in air but reacts with the hydrogen sulfide present in the air, forming silver sulfide, stable in water
Applications: used in photography as a halide salt, cutlery, jewellery and mirrors, used in electrical and electronic industries as printed circuits are made using silver paints, and computer keyboards use silver electrical contacts.
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/ag.htm
7. Material: Cotton
Processing: Ginning, spinning and weaving
Properties: soft, good absorbancy, color retention, machine washable, good strength
Applications: clothing, rugs, mattresses, blankets
Ref: http://www.swicofil.com/products/001cotton.html
8. Material: Wood
Processing: Cutting
Properties: from tree, strong and stiff but also light and flexible, wood is an-isotropic, inner structure consists of different properties in different directions, high compressible strength and low tensile strength
Applications: building houses, furniture, other utilities
Ref: http://www.explainthatstuff.com/wood.html
9. Material: Nickel
Processing: Forging
Properties: silver color, metallic, melting point 1453 °C and boiling point 2913 °C, resist corrosion even at high temperatures, can resist corrosion by sea water
Applications: preparation of alloys, used to make stainless steel, alloy steels, rechargeable batteries, catalysts and other chemicals, coinage, foundry products, and plating, used in gas turbines and rocket engines, propeller shaft in boats and desalination plants
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/ni.htm
10. Material: Activated Carbon
Processing: Adsorption
Properties: carbonaceous source materials, such as coconuts, nutshells, coal, peat and wood. The primary raw material used for activated carbon is any organic material with a high carbon content.
Applications: removing a soluble substance from the water, water treatment
Ref: http://www.lenntech.com/products/activated-carbon.htm
1. Wood is a natural material from trees. It is used in making paper, generating heat, building houses, bridges, and other buildings. Wood can last hundreds or thousands of years. There are two types of woods, hardwoods and softwoods. Hardwoods come from broad-leaved trees and softwoods come from evergreen frees. Hardwoods have attractive grains and are used in making fine furniture and decorative woodwork. Softwoods are used for construction work. The inner structure of wood is anistropic because of its difference in annual-ring-and-grain structure. Its grain properties varies in different directions.
Information retrieved from http://www.explainthatstuff.com/wood.html
2. Plastic PET (polyethylene terephthalate polyester) is often used in plastic bottle and toys. It is commonly used for its non-toxic, strong, lightweight, flexible material, and 100% recyclable. Unlike wood, the grain structure of wood is isotropicInformation retrieved from http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2047
3. Cotton comes from the cotton plant. It is used for yarns, fabric, clothing, blanket, napkins, cosmetic application, and etc. Its properties are comfortably soft, good absorbency, color retention, machine washable, good strength, drapes well, easy to sew together. Cotton decomposes at temperature about 300 Fahrenheit. Cotton is harvested by machine and gets filtered by the cotton gin.
Information retrieved from http://www.swicofil.com/products/001cotton.html
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